Air Power in UN Operations: A Bibliography

 A. Walter Dorn and Ryan Cross, July 2014


There is only one book devoted entirely to the subject:
Air Power in UN Operations: Wings for Peace.

The following bibliography captures almost all of the other scholarship on air power in UN operations, covering peacekeeping, peace enforcement and related areas.


Topics

Airlift

      UN Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS external reviews)

Aerial observation

Air combat (peace enforcement)

UN operations (specific)

Peace operations and air power (general)

Peace operations and air power (military college papers)


 


 

Airlift

Cozzolino, Alessandra. “Humanitarian Supply Chain Relationships: Working Together to Meet the Challenge of Preparing for and Responding to Disasters”. In Christopher, Martin, and Peter Tatham, eds., Humanitarian Logistics: Cross-Sector Cooperation in Disaster Relief Management, Springer Briefs in Business. Berlin: Springer, 2012, pp. 17-37. Online content available at: http://books.google.ca/books?id=rC2zHgjzCzQC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

European Community Humanitarian Office (ECHO). “ECHO Flight.” European Community Humanitarian Office, 18 Apr. 2012. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/echo/aid/sub_saharian/echo-flight_en.htm

European Community Humanitarian Office (ECHO). Humanitarian Implementation Plan: Echo Flight. Brussels: European Commission, 28 September 2012. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/echo/files/funding/decisions/2012/HIPs/ECHO-Flight.pdf

Global Humanitarian Aviation Conference. “Global Humanitarian Aviation Conference”, 2011. Available at: http://annualghac.com

Jensen, Leif-Magnus. “Humanitarian Cluster Leads as Fourth-Party Logistics Providers”. In Advanced Manufacturing and Sustainable Logistics, edited by Wilhelm Dangelmaier et al., Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing 46. Berlin: Springer, 2010, pp. 372–383. Online content available at: http://books.google.ca/books?id=8Sw-jjCel30C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

Nederveen, Gilles K. Van. USAF Airlift into the Heart of Darkness: the Congo 1960-1978 Implications for Modern Air Mobility Planners. Research Paper. Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University Airpower Research Institute, 2001. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA394617

Overstreet, Robert E. et al. “Research in Humanitarian Logistics”. Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 1(2), 2011, pp. 114–131. Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1957294

Potgieter, Hendrik A. P., and William P. Sass. “Logistical Air Power in UNTAG, UNAVEM II and ONUMOZ: Towards a New Doctrine”. In Use of Air Power in Peace Operations, edited by Carsten F. Rønnfeldt and Per Erik Solli. NUPI Peacekeeping and Multilateral Operations Papers 7. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt [Norwegian Institute of International Affairs], 1997. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/Use_of_air_power_in_peace_operations.html?id=NYZ2HAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

Quinn, Emma. “Logistics for Food Assistance: Delivering Innovations in Complex Environments”. In Revolution: From Food Aid to Food Assistance – Innovations in Overcoming Hunger, edited by Steven Were Omamo, Ugo Gentilini, and Susanna Sandström, Rome: World Food Programme, 2010, pp. 307–328. Available at: http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp225646.pdf

Taiwo, Phillip. “Air Transportation in Humanitarian Missions”. Thesis, New York: Peace Operations Training Institute, 2005. Available at: http://cdn.peaceopstraining.org/theses/taiwo.pdf


 

UN Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS)

As noted, there are very few scholarly writings on the United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS). The following provides a review of readily available material, mostly from UNHAS employees.

Carrasse, Pierre. “United Nations Humanitarian Air Service”. PowerPoint presented at the Global Logistics Cluster Meeting, Budapest, 23 Oct 2009. Available at: http://www.logcluster.org/about/logistics-cluster/meeting/global-logistics-cluster-budapest-09/budapest-oct-2009-unhas-ppt

Maslyukov, Oleh. “WFP Aviation: The Global Leader in Humanitarian Air Support”. PowerPoint presented at the 4th Global Humanitarian Aviation Conference, Dead Sea, 9 Oct 2012.

“Pierre Carrasse: Helping Humanity from the Air”. Flight International, 180(5306) Aug. 2011, p. 67.

World Food Programme. Annual Report of the World Food Programme for 2011 to the Economic and Social Council and the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. United Nations Document E/2012/14. New York: United Nations Economic and Social Council, February 29, 2012. Available at: http://undocs.org/E/2012/14

World Food Programme. “Aviation”. Website Front-page. World Food Programme Logistics, 2012. Available at: http://www.wfp.org/logistics/aviation

World Food Programme. “United Nations Humanitarian Air Service”. Website Front-page. World Food Programme Logistics, 2012. World Food Programme. WFP Aviation Review 2008. Rome: World Food Programme, 2009.

World Food Programme. WFP Aviation Annual Review 2009. Rome: World Food Programme, 2010. Available at: http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp218911.pdf

World Food Programme. WFP Aviation Annual Review 2010. Rome: World Food Programme, 2011. Available at: http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP Aviation Annual Review 2010.pdf

World Food Programme. WFP Aviation Annual Review 2011. Rome: World Food Programme, 2012. World Food Programme. Available at: http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/communications/wfp247741.pdf

World Food Programme Aviation Transport Unit. World Food Programme Humanitarian Air Service. Rome: World Food Programme, September 2010.

World Food Programme Global Logistics Cluster. “Air Operations”. Global Logistics Operational Guide. Operational Environment, 2012. Available at:   http://log.logcluster.org/operational-environment/air-operations/index.html

 

UNHAS (external reviews)

Channel Research, John Telford, and Robert Thomson. Evaluation on the Provision of Air Transport in Support of Humanitarian Operations. Contract Report for the European Commission. Ohain (Belgium): Channel Research, 2010. Available at:   http://ec.europa.eu/echo/files/evaluation/2010/Air_Transport_Evaluation.pdf

Channel Research, John Telford, and Robert Thomson. Review on the Provision of Air Transport in Support of Humanitarian Operations. Contract Report for the European Commission. Ohain (Belgium): Channel Research, 2010. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/echo/files/evaluation/2010/Air_Transport_Review.pdf

Joint Inspection Unit of the United Nations System. Review of the United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS). JIU Note 2008-3. Geneva: United Nations, 2008. Available at: https://www.unjiu.org/en/reports-notes/archive/JIU_NOTE_2008_3_English.pd

 

Aerial observation

Dorn, A. Walter. Keeping Watch: Monitoring, Technology and Innovation in UN Peace Operations. Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2011. Available at: http://www.keepingwatch.net/

Peter, Jones. “Peacekeeping and Aerial Surveillance”. Peacekeeping and International Relations 22(2), 1993, pp. 3–4.

Peter, Jones. “Peacekeeping and Aerial Surveillance II: From Yemen to the End of the Cold War”. Peacekeeping and International Relations 22(5), 1993, pp. 3–5.

Peter, Jones. “Peacekeeping and Aerial Surveillance III: The Post Cold War Era”. Peacekeeping and International Relations 23(4), 1994.

 

Air combat (peace enforcement)

Allard, C. Kenneth. Somalia Operations: Lessons Learned. Washington: National Defense University Press, 1995. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA311037

Barrie, Douglas. “Libya’s Lessons: The Air Campaign”. Survival 54(6), 2012, pp. 57–65. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00396338.2012.749629#.U7EBaPldVYE

Benard, Alexander. “Lessons from Iraq and Bosnia on the Theory and Practice of No-fly Zones”. Journal of Strategic Studies 27(3), 2004, pp. 454–478. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1362369042000282985#.U7EB9PldVYE

Byman, Daniel L., and Matthew C. Waxman. “Kosovo and the Great Air Power Debate”. International Security 24(4), 2000, pp. 5–38. Available at: http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/016228800560291#.U7ECbfldVYE

Casper, Lawrence E. Falcon Brigade: Combat and Command in Somalia and Haiti. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2001. Online content available at: http://books.google.ca/books?id=9S208-ZrpZsC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

Corum, James S. “Airpower and Peace Enforcement”. Airpower Journal 10(4), 1996, pp. 10–25. Available at: http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj96/win96/corum.pdf

Cullen, T. C.. “Saving Darfur: Seductive Analogies and the Limits of Airpower Coercion in Sudan” Strategic Studies Quarterly 3(2), 2009, pp. 72-98. Available at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/ssq/2009/Summer/Summer09.pdf

De Cock, Chris. “Operation Unified Protector and the Protection of Civilians in Libya”. In Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law, edited by Michael N. Schmitt and Louise Arimatsu. The Hague: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2011, pp. 213–235. Available at: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8660837&fileId=S1389135912000074

Franke, B. F. (2004). “The Use of Sustained Coercive Air Power in Humanitarian Interventions”. Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, December 2004.

Gertler, Jeremiah et al. No-Fly Zones: Strategic, Operational, and Legal Considerations for Congress. CRS Report for Congress R41701 Washington: Congressional Research Service, April 2011. Available at: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R41701.pdf

Grant, Rebecca. The Kosovo Campaign: Aerospace Power Made It Work. Air Force Association Special Report. Arlington: The Air Force Association, September 1999. Available at: http://www.airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/1999/November%201999/1199airpower.aspx

Jakobsen, Peter Viggo, and Karsten Jakob Møller. “Good News: Libya and the Danish Way of War”. In Danish Foreign Policy Yearbook 2012, edited by Nanna Hvidt and Hans Mouritzen. Copenhagen: Danish Institute for International Studies, 2012, pp. 106–130. Available at: http://subweb.diis.dk/graphics/Publications/Books2012/YB2012/015.Peter%20Viggo%20Jakobsen%20og%20Karsten%20Jakob%20M%F8ller.pdf

Laborie, Geraud J. The Diplomacy of the Jaguar: French Airpower in Postcolonial African Conflicts. The Wright Flyer Papers 39. Maxwell Air Force Base: Air Command and Staff College, Air University, March 2009.

Nils E. Naastad. “Policing the British Empire from the Air”. In Use of Air Power in Peace Operations, edited by Carsten F. Rønnfeldt and Per Erik Solli. NUPI Peacekeeping and Multilateral Operations Papers 7. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt [Norwegian Institute of International Affairs], 1997. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/Use_of_air_power_in_peace_operations.html?id=NYZ2HAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

Quintana, Elizabeth. “The War from the Air”. In Short War, Long Shadow: The Political and Military Legacies of the 2011 Libya Campaign, edited by Adrian Johnson and Saqeb Mueen, RUSI Whitehall Report 1-12. London: Royal United Services Institute, 2012, pp. 31–40. Available at: www.rusi.org/downloads/assets/WHR_1-12.pdf

Solli, Per Erik. UN and NATO Air Power in the Former Yugoslavia. NUPI Report 209. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt [Norwegian Institute of International Affairs], 1996. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/UN_and_NATO_air_power_in_the_former_Yugo.html?id=H-kJAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y

Schmitt, Michael N. “Wings over Libya: The No-Fly Zone in Legal Perspective”. Yale Journal of International Law Online 36, Spring 2011, pp. 45–58. Available at: http://www.yjil.org/docs/pub/o-36-schmitt-wings-over-libya.pdf

Solli, Per Erik. “Bosnia: Deterrence Failed and Coercion Worked”. In Use of Air Power in Peace Operations, edited by Carsten F. Rønnfeldt and Per Erik Solli. NUPI Peacekeeping and Multilateral Operations Papers 7. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt [Norwegian Institute of International Affairs], 1997. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/Use_of_air_power_in_peace_operations.html?id=NYZ2HAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

 

UN operations: specific

Dorn, A. Walter. “Intelligence-led Peacekeeping: The United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), 2006–07”. Intelligence and National Security 24(6), 2009, pp. 805–835. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02684520903320410#.U7Moo_ldVYE

Hirsch, John L., and Robert B. Oakley. Somalia and Operation Restore Hope: Reflections on Peacemaking and Peacekeeping. Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1995. Available at: http://www.usip.org/publications/somalia-and-operation-restore-hope

Homan, Kees. “Operation Artemis in the Democratic Republic of Congo”. In Faster and More United?: the Debate about Europe’s Crisis Response Capacity, edited by Andrea Ricci, Eero Kytoèmaa, and European Communities Commission Directorate General for External Relations. Brussels: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2007, pp. 151–155. Available at: http://www.clingendael.nl/publications/2007/20070531_cscp_chapter_homan.pdf

Klevberg, Harvard. “Logistical and Combat Air Power in ONUC”. In Use of Air Power in Peace Operations, edited by Carsten F. Rønnfeldt and Per Erik Solli. NUPI Peacekeeping and Multilateral Operations Papers 7. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt [Norwegian Institute of International Affairs], 1997. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/Use_of_air_power_in_peace_operations.html?id=NYZ2HAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

Kochhar, M. R. United Nations Peacekeeping and Operations in Somalia. Gurgaon: Dipika Kochhar, 2000. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/United_Nations_Peacekeeping_and_Operatio.html?id=9DdyAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y

Lindley, Dan. “UNDOF [United Nations Disengagement Observer Force in the Golan Heights]: operational analysis and lessons learned”. Defense & Security Analysis 20(2), 2004, pp. 153–164. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1475179042000219116#.U7MqJPldVYE

Lourié, Sylvain. “The United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan”. International Organization 9(1), 1955, pp. 19–31.

United Nations. The Blue Helmets: a Review of United Nations Peace-Keeping. 3rd ed. New York: United Nations Department of Public Information, 1996. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/The_Blue_helmets.html?id=bXGPAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y

United Nations Peacekeeping Best Practices Unit Military Division. Operation Artemis: The Lessons of the Interim Emergency Multinational Force. New York: United Nations Peacekeeping Best Practices Unit, October 2004. Available at: http://pbpu.unlb.org/PBPS/Pages/PUBLIC/ViewDocument.aspx?docid=572&menukey=_5_2_4

  

Peace operations and air power (general)

Baier, Frederick L., and Department of the Air Force. Military Operations Other Than War. Air Force Doctrine Document 2-3. Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University, Curtis E. LeMay Center for Doctrine Development and Education, July 2000. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA404753

Bash, Brooks L. “Air Power and Peacekeeping”. Airpower Journal 9(1), 1995. Available at: http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj95/spr95_files/bash.htm

Casagrande, E. E. “Peace Operations: The Air Force Contribution”. Small Wars & Insurgencies 7(3), 1996, pp. 378–400. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09592319608423153?journalCode=fswi20#.U7M9MvldVYE

Cooper, Allan. “Multinational force and observers—Establishment of the Canadian Rotary Wing Aviation Unit”. Canadian Defence Quarterly 19(1), 1989, pp. 37–46.

Lin-Greenberg, Erik. “Airpower in Peace Operations Re-examined”. International Peacekeeping 18(4), 2011, pp. 439–453. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13533312.2011.588390#.U7M-OvldVYE

Haun, Phil M. “The Nature of Close Air Support in Low Intensity Conflict”. Air and Space Power Journal 20(3), 2006, pp. 107–110. Available at http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj06/fal06/haun.html

Hillen, John. “Peacekeeping at the Speed of Sound: The Relevancy of Airpower Doctrine in Operations Other than War”. Airpower Journal 12(4), 1998, p. 11. Available at: http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj98/win98/hillen.pdf

Knutsen, Tom H. R., and Fred G. Sotthewes. Air Competence: The Use of Airpower in Peace Operations. Research Report. Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University, April 1996.

Krepon, Michael, and Jeffrey P. Tracey. “Open Skies’ and UN peacekeeping”. Survival 32(3), 1990, pp. 251–263. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00396339008442533?journalCode=tsur20#.U7NAkPldVYE

Lindley, Dan. “Cooperative airborne monitoring: Opening the skies to promote peace, protect the environment, and cope with natural disasters”. Contemporary Security Policy 27(2), 2006, pp. 325–343. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13523260600821517#.U7NAtPldVYE

March, William. “The Royal Canadian Air Force and Peacekeeping”. In Peacekeeping, 1815 to Today: Proceedings of the XXIst Colloquium of the International Commission of Military History, edited by Serge Bernier, 467–477. Proceedings of the International Commission of Military History 21. Ottawa: Canadian Department of National Defence Directorate of History, 1995. Information available at: http://publications.gc.ca/pub?id=55226

Metz, Steven. “The Air Force Role in United Nations Peacekeeping”. Airpower Journal 7(4), 1993, pp. 68–75. Available at: http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj93/win93/metzzz.htm

Owen, Robert C. “Aerospace Power and Land Power in Peace Operations: Toward a New Basis for Synergy”. Airpower Journal 13(3), 1999, pp. 4–22. Available at: http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj99/fal99/owen.pdf

Peifer, Douglas Carl. “Genocide and Airpower”. Strategic Studies Quarterly 2(2), 2008, pp. 93–124. Available at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/ssq/2008/Summer/Summer08.pdf

———, ed. Stopping Mass Killings in Africa: Genocide, Airpower, and Intervention. Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University Press, 2008. Online content available at: http://books.google.ca/books?id=tOgOwSXB164C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

Raffetto, Mark. “Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations”. Thesis, Monterey: Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA427707

Rønnfeldt, Carsten F., and Per Erik Solli, eds. Use of Air Power in Peace Operations. NUPI Peacekeeping and Multilateral Operations Papers 7. Oslo: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt [Norwegian Institute of International Affairs], 1997. Information available at: http://books.google.ca/books/about/Use_of_air_power_in_peace_operations.html?id=NYZ2HAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

Sherman, Jake, Alischa Kugel, and Andrew Sinclair. “Overcoming Helicopter Force Generation Challenges for UN Peacekeeping Operations”. International Peacekeeping 19(1), 2012, pp. 77–92. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13533312.2012.642163#.U7NDJfldVYE

Teager, John F. N. Blessed be the Peacemakers: Conflict, Peace and Air Power. Fellowship Paper 12. Royal Australian Air Force Base Fairbairn: Air Power Studies Centre, 1996. Available at: http://airpower.airforce.gov.au/Publications/Details/173/Blessed-be-the-Peacemakers-Conflict-Peace-and-Air-Power.aspx

Tilford, Earl H. “Operation Allied Force and the Role of Air Power”. Parameters 29(4), 1999, pp. 24–38. Available at: http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/articles/99winter/tilford.htm

Tirpark, John A. “With Stealth in the Balkans”. Air Force Magazine, Oct. 1999, pp. 22–28.

 

 
Peace operations and air power (military college papers)

As shown below, there was a brief “surge” of writing on this subject by Air Force officers in the early-to-mid-1990s during the brief period when peacekeeping was considered a central interest of western states—in particular of the US military. It covers both peacekeeping and peace enforcement.

Beale, Michael O., “Bombs Over Bosnia: The Role of Airpower in Bosnia-Herzegovina”, Thesis, School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, June 1996. Available at: http://www.fas.org/man/eprint/beale.htm

Brooks, James J. “Operation Provide Promise: The JFACC’s Role in Humanitarian Assistance in a Non-Permissive Environment—A Case Study”. Thesis, Newport (RI): Naval War College, 1996. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA311807

Buer, Eric F. “United Task Force Somalia (UNITAF) and United Nations Operations Somalia (UNOSOM II): A Comparative Analysis of Offensive Air Support”. Thesis, Quantico: Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2001. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA401273

Chavez, Robert M. “Basic and Operational Doctrine for Airpower in Irregular Warfare”. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2007. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA475385

Cross, Michael E. “The Role of Airpower in Peace Operations”. Thesis, Newport (RI): Naval War College, 1996. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA307622

Elder, R. W. “The Role of Non-Lethal Airpower in Future Peace Operations: Beyond Bombs On Target”. Thesis, Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University, 2003. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA424996

Francis, David J. “The Promise and the Peril of the Responsibility to Protect”. Strategy Research Project, Carlisle Barracks, PA: United States Army War College, 2012. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA561489

Francis, William W. “Coercive Air Strategy in Post-Cold War Peace Operations”. Thesis, Maxwell Air Force Base: School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University, 1999. Available at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA391616

Hicks, J. M. “Fire in the City Airpower in Urban, Smaller-Scale Contingencies”. Thesis, Maxwell Air Force Base: School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University, 1999. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA391830

Hund, Matthew J. “United States Air Force Role in Mass Atrocity Response Operations”. Monograph, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2012. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA566181

Kramlinger, George D. “Sustained Coercive Air Presence: Provide Comfort, Deny Flight, and the Future of Airpower in Peace Enforcement”. Thesis, Maxwell Air Force Base: School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University, 2001. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA431017

Lawrence, David F. “The Alliance Decides the Mission? Multilateral Decision Making at the UN and NATO on Libya, 2010-2011”. Thesis, Monterey: Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA563626

Markland, Thomas A. “Airpower in Irregular Warfare”. Research Report, Maxwell Air Force Base: Air War College, Air University, 2009. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA540079

Morrison, Douglas J. “Tactical Reconnaissance in Peace Operations: Implications for the Future”. Thesis, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 1993. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA288952

O’Dell, Robert (Wing Commander).The Utility Of Airborne Knowledge Based Influence in Support of International Stabilisation Operations”, Thesis for a Master of Philosophy, Cambridge University, UK, 31 July 2012.

Rember, W. Bruce. “Wings for Peace: Air Power in Peacemaking Operations”. Thesis, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 1992. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA262711

Tubbs, James O. “Beyond Gunboat Diplomacy: Forceful Applications of Airpower in Peace Enforcement Operations”. Thesis, Maxwell Air Force Base: School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University, 1995. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA329315

Walker, Gregory D. “Army Aviation’s Role In Peace Operations”. Strategy Research Project, Carlisle Barracks, PA: United States Army War College, 1996. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA309196